Tense (काल)

Q. What is the mean of Tense?

Ans.  The word  'Tense ' is a term of English grammar and refer to a form of the verb that indicates time. Tenses mean different form of a verb showing different times and aspects. Thus a tense indicates the time of an action and the degree of its completion. In non action verb it suggests only time.

Example :---  She is a teacher.
                       They are students.

Classification

There are two  means of tense  

1.Time :- time is universal concept with three divisions ------present, past and future. 

               ( समय एक सार्वभौमिक अवधारणा है जो कि वर्तमान भूत और भविष्य में विभाजित होती है )

There are three types of tenses according to Time --

    A.Past  tense ( भूतकाल )
    B. Present tense  ( वर्तमान काल )
    C. Future tense  ( भविष्य काल। )

2. Work :--- the aspects simple, continuous and perfect
                 ( Work  यह दर्शाता है कि कार्य कैसा है अनिश्चित है निरंतर है या कार्य पूरा हो चुका है )

There are four types of tenses according to work -

   A.  Indefinite   ( अनिश्चितता -- बोधक )

   B. Continuous  ( निरंतरता --  बोधक )

   C. Perfect  ( पूर्णता --  बोधक )

   D. Perfect Continuous ( पूर्ण निरंतरता --बोधक )

Note :--- normally  speaking English verbs have two tense form, viz. Present and past .

Diagram - Tense classification

                 

Different between time and tense ?

Present tense doesn't always indicates present time because these also indicates past time, future time and timeless state or action. Past tense can  indicates present time and future time. Future tense can also indicates present time and past time.

Example --  India gets freedom on 15 August,  1947
                    ( Present )                          ( Past)